Andrzej Kozlowski

Part II: Designing Risk Assessment Frameworks for International Grantmaking

Risk assessment has become a central organizing function in cross-border grantmaking, influencing how organizations decide what level of due diligence is appropriate for different partners, programs, and geographies. Rather than applying uniform controls, grantmakers are increasingly expected to calibrate oversight to actual risk. This article examines how institutions design and apply risk assessment frameworks in international giving.

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Part I: Understanding the Global Regulatory Landscape for International Grantmaking

International grantmaking increasingly operates within a global regulatory environment shaped by shared standards, cross-border enforcement, and financial sector controls. Even funders working primarily within a single jurisdiction are affected by international compliance norms that influence how grants are reviewed, approved, and executed. This article examines how those global dynamics shape the regulatory landscape for cross-border philanthropy.

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Andrzej Kozlowski

Andrzej Kozlowski oversees the services Paragon provides to U.S. foundations and donor advised funds in grantee selection and vetting, program design, and philanthropic strategy. With 20 years of international and domestic experience in the philanthropic and nonprofit sectors, Andrzej has held positions at The Nature Conservancy, WWF, Rare, the Humphrey Institute’s Center for Nations in

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Anthony J. Kozlowski

Anthony J. (Tony) Kozlowski’s career spans nearly four decades of international service with foundations, non-profits, intergovernmental organizations, and multinational corporations. He has lived and worked in five African countries as a representative for the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and as a training officer with the Ford Foundation; in the United States

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Suzanne York

Suzanne joined Paragon in 2014, and her experience base in international grants facilitation, vetting, and due diligence spans nine years. She has also worked for more than 20 years in a research, writing and advocacy capacity, focusing in particular on the interconnectedness of population growth and women’s empowerment, human rights, consumption, alternative economies, and the

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Ashley “Ash” Froelich-MacMillan

Ash is an administrative professional with almost twenty years of progressive experience supporting non-profits, institutes of higher education and developing private enterprises. A native Portlander, Ash has a Bachelor of Arts in History from Portland State University. She is also a graduate of the APPA Leadership Academy and has a certificate in Strategic Organizational Management

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John Harvey

John Harvey has over two decades of professional experience in global philanthropy and is an acknowledged and respected leader in its advancement. As Managing Director for Global Philanthropy at the Council on Foundations, John introduced an unprecedented level of training programs related to global philanthropy, including multiple trainings on cross-border grantmaking practice. Additionally, John helped

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Nigel Sizer

An expert in climate change, forests, and biodiversity conservation, Dr. Nigel Sizer is Director of World Resource Institute’s (WRI) Global Forest Initiative. Nigel previously served as Vice President for Asia at Rare, an international conservation organization. While at Rare, he expanded operations into China, and conceived and developed Community Carbon, a grassroots effort to link

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Mauricio Vivero

Mauricio Vivero is the founding CEO of the Seattle International Foundation, a private institution working to alleviate global poverty through grantmaking and special initiatives. Under his leadership, the foundation has awarded more than $12 million in grants to 126 organizations working in 36 countries, with a strategic focus on Latin America. He has more than

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